What must a pilot do prior to making a low approach, unless otherwise authorized by ATC?

Prior to making a low approach, it is essential for a pilot to conduct a visual scan for other aircraft in the area as a safety measure. This is a crucial part of ensuring that the aircraft is aware of and avoids potential conflicts with other aircraft or obstacles that may not be visible on the instruments. A visual scan helps to confirm the safety of the approach and landing environment, allowing the pilot to make informed decisions.

While completing a pre-landing checklist, preparing for a go-around, and establishing contact with ground control are important procedures in specific contexts, they are not universally mandated before a low approach unless specified by air traffic control. The safety protocol emphasizes maintaining situational awareness through visual observation, particularly because a low approach is a critical phase of flight that requires heightened vigilance.