In VNAV, what does "v-path" represent?

The term "v-path" in Vertical Navigation (VNAV) refers to the optimal vertical descent or climb profile for a flight. This path is designed to ensure the aircraft maintains an efficient and safe trajectory during ascent and descent phases. By utilizing the v-path, pilots can manage altitude changes while adhering to airspace requirements and optimizing fuel efficiency. The v-path is typically depicted in the flight management system (FMS) and is calculated based on factors such as distance to the destination, altitude constraints, and speed requirements, allowing for a smooth transition between various phases of flight. Understanding the v-path is crucial for pilots to maintain operational efficiency and safety during flight operations.